Official Name: Islam-i Jamhuriya-e Pakistan (Islamic Republic of Pakistan)

Area: Asia

Size: 803,940 km²

Coastline: 1,046 km

Independence: from the UK August 14, 1947 

Form of Govt.: Multiparty, federal Islamic republic

Head of Govt.: Prime Minister

Capital: Islamabad

Largest City: Karachi

Demographics (2005): 168,803,56.    206 /km²

Punjabi 44.15%,  Pukhtuns 15.42%, Sindhis 14.1%, Seraikis 10.53%

GDP per Capita (2005): $3,004

Languages: Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official and lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski, and other 8%

Geography: There are an estimated 108 peaks above 7,000 metres. The northern Hindu Kush mountains converge with the Karakoram Range (and Pass for the Silk Road). Balochistan plateau in west. A variety of wetlands, with the glacial lakes of the Himalayas, the mudflats of the Indus Valley plains, and the extensive coastal mangroves of the Indus River delta. The Indus River is the lifeline of Pakistan .

Climate: Pakistan has a subtropical climate characterized by four seasons. (1.) A dry cool winter season from December to February, (2.) a dry hot summer season from March to May, (3.) a SW Monsoon season from June to September and a (4.) NE Monsoon season from October to November. Average annual precipitation varies from 1,520 mm (60 inches) to 127 mm (5 inches) depending on the region. The prevailing summer wind is a dry wind called the Loo. Average temperature ranges in Karachi are from 13 to 25 degrees in January to 28 to 34 degrees in June.